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William Dalrymple (historian)
A flame holder is a component of a jet engine used as an ignitor to help maintain continual combustion.[1] In a scramjet engine the residence time of the fuel is very low and complete penetration of the fuel into the flow will not occur.[2] To avoid these conditions flame holders are used.[3]
All continuous-combustion jet engines require a flame holder.[4] A flame holder creates a low-speed eddy in the engine to prevent the flame from being blown out.[5] The design of the flame holder is an issue of balance between a stable eddy and drag.[6]
The simplest design, often used in amateur projects, is the can-type flame holder, which consists of a can covered in small holes. Much more effective is the H-gutter flame holder, which is shaped like a letter H with a curve facing and opposing the flow of air. Even more effective, however, is the V-gutter flame holder, which is shaped like a V with the point in the direction facing the flow of air. Some studies have suggested that adding a small amount of base bleed to a V-gutter helps reduce drag without reducing effectiveness.[7] The most effective of the flame holders are the step type flame holder and the strut type flame holder.
The first mathematical model of a flame holder was proposed in 1953.[8]
See also
- Index of aviation articles
- AVPIN - A monofuel used to power turbojet starter motors.
- Components of jet engines
- Exhaust mixer
References
- ^ https://www.researchgate.net/figure/An-aircraft-jet-engine_fig2_4205809
- ^ https://patents.google.com/patent/US7954328B2/en
- ^ "What is a Flame Holder? (With picture)".
- ^ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-66881-5_6
- ^ http://www.topedge.com/panels/aircraft/sites/mats/f14-detail-engine.htm
- ^ https://blog.partsbase.com/afterburner-components/
- ^ https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Temperature-Prediction-and-Validation-of-V-Gutter-for-an-Aeroengine-Afterburner.pdf
- ^ Matkowsky, B. J.; Olagunju, D. O. (1981). "Pulsations in a Burner-Stabilized Premixed Plane Flame". SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics. 40 (3): 551–562. doi:10.1137/0140046. JSTOR 2101350. See p. 552.