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Joseph Carne-Ross
| Battle of Bhopal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Mughal–Maratha wars | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Maratha Confederacy[1] Jaipur faction[2] |
 Mughal Empire[3] Hyderabad Nizamshahi Kingdom of Awadh Kingdom of Jaipur[4] Kingdom of Kota[5]Other Mughal chiefs[6] | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Baji Rao I Chimaji Appa Ranoji Scindia Pilaji Jadhav Ayamal Kacchwaha |
 Asaf Jah I  Nasir Jung[7] Saadat Ali Khan Safdar Jung[8] Mansur Ali Khan[citation needed] Ishwari Singh[9] Subhasingh Bundela[10] Rao Durjan Sal Hada Ram Singh Hada | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
Total 70,000 engaged[11] |
Total 70,000 engaged [12] | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
The Battle of Bhopal was fought on 24 December 1737 in Bhopal between the Maratha Confederacy and the combined army of the Mughal chiefs,[13] Hyderabad Nizamshahi, Rajput kingdoms and the Kingdom of Oudh in which Marathas under the leadership of Peshwa Bajirao I were victorious.[14]
Background
As the Mughal Empire continued to weaken after Aurangzeb's death, the Maratha Peshwa Bajirao I invaded Mughal territories of Malwa and Gujarat. The Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah was alarmed by the Marathas' conquest. Initially, Maratha war-bands that entered the province from the south (Deccan) were constantly defeated and repulsed by Jai Singh II, the Subahdar of Malwa.[15][16] In 1737, the Marathas invaded the northern frontiers of the Mughal Empire, successfully reaching as far as the outskirts of Delhi under the command of Bajirao and were now marching back to Pune.[17]
Battle
The battle was fought between the Marathas and Mughal forces led by the Nizam of Hyderabad near Bhopal in India in December 1737. The Marathas poisoned the water and the replenishment supplies of the besieged Mughal forces. Chimaji was sent with an army of 10,000 men to stop any reinforcements while Bajirao blockaded the city instead of directly attacking the Nizam. The Nizam sued for peace after he was denied reinforcements from Delhi.[18]
Aftermath
On 7 January 1738, a peace treaty known as Treaty of Bhopal was signed in Doraha near Bhopal and the Mughals agreed to pay 5,000,000 Rupees as war expenses to the Marathas.[19][18] The Marathas were given the territory of Malwa.[18][20]
References
- ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 87.
- ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 87.
- ^ Ralhan, O.P., Bakshi , S.R. (2008). Madhya Pradesh Through the Ages. Sarup & Sons. p. 384. ISBN 9788176258067.
The Battle of Bhopal, occurring on December 24, 1737, pitted the Maratha Empire against the combined forces of the Mughals, Rajputs, and Nizams. The Marathas secured a decisive victory, largely attributed to the swift tactics of Bajirao Peshwa.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 87.
- ^ Sinha H. N. (1954). Rise Of The Peshwas (1954). p. 161.
- ^ Chhabra, G.S., ed. (2005). Advanced Study in the History of Modern India Vol. 1. Lotus Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-81-89093-06-8.
Reaching Delhi, the Nizam was joined by several other Mughal chiefs, and at the head of seventy thousand soldiers supported by enormous military supply he marched out to meet the Marathas.
- ^ Sardesai, Govind. New History of the Marathas Vol 2. p. 157.
In the meantime Nasir Jang, a worthy son of a worthy lather, had not been idle. He raised fresh levies for use in Malwa and spent lavishly in preparations to crush the Marathas between two pincers, himself moving from the south and his father from the north. Bajirao, foreseeing the game, stationed his brother Chimnaji Appa at Varangaum on the Tapti with instructions to prevent Nasir Jang from proceeding beyond Burhanpur. Chimnaji performed this duty excellently
- ^ Sinha H. N. (1954). Rise Of The Peshwas (1954). p. 161.
- ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 37.
- ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 37.
- ^ Chhabra, G.S. (2005). Advanced Study in History of Modern India. p. 26. ISBN 8189093061.
The Peshwa accepted the challenge happily, collected eighty thousand Maratha soldiers and leaving Chimnaji with about ten thousand behind to prevent any succour coming to the Nizam from the Deccan, he advanced towards the north.
- ^ Chhabra, G.S. (2005). Advanced Study in History of Modern India. p. 26. ISBN 8189093061.
Reaching Delhi, the Nizam was joined by several other Mughal chiefs, and at the head of seventy thousand soldiers and supported by enormous military supply he marched out to meet the Marathas. The Peshwa accepted the challenge happily, collected eighty thousand Maratha soldiers and leaving Chimnaji with about ten thousand behind to prevent any succour coming to the Nizam from the Deccan, he advanced towards the north. The Nizam reached Bhopal and did not think it advisable to move further south where the Maratha influence predominated. The Peshwa imposed a strict blockade on the city instead of leading an attack. Soon the huge army of the Nizam fell short of supplies, his frantic appeals to Delhi for help went in vain, for there were men in the imperial capital who were determined to bring about his ruin. Nor did Chimnaji permit any help to come from the Deccan The Nizam was forced once again to sue for peace
- ^ G.S.Chhabra (2005). Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803). Lotus Press. ISBN 978-81-89093-06-8.
- ^ Jaques, Tony (30 November 2006). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity through the Twenty-first Century [3 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-313-02799-4.
- ^ R.K. Gupta, S.R. Bakshi (2008). Studies In Indian History: Rajasthan Through The Ages The Heritage Of Rajputs (1st ed.). Sarup and sons. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-81-76258-418.
- ^ Husain, Zakir (2001). "The Rise of Dost Muhammad Khan (1708-1728), the First Nawab of Bhopal". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 62: 309–316. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44155775.
- ^ Tikkiwal, H. c (1974). Jaipur And The Later Mughals. p. 37.
- ^ a b c Chhabra, G.S. (2005). Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803). Lotus Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-81-89093-06-8.
- ^ Bakshi, S.R.; Ralhan, O.P. (2007). Madhya Pradesh Through the Ages. Sarup & Sons. p. 384. ISBN 978-81-7625-806-7.
- ^ Sinha H. N. (1954). Rise Of The Peshwas (1954). p. 161.
23°15′N 77°25′E / 23.250°N 77.417°E
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