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    Jesse Ventura

    The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Mongolian language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. The dialect used in this chart is Khalkha Mongolian. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

    Consonants
    IPA Cyrillic English approximation
    f ф[a] five
    g г[b] got
    ɢ similar to got (but deeper in the throat)
    ʲ ь[c] Russian пять, English f[y]ew;
    occasionally unpronounced[d]
    kʰ к[a] cot
    ɮ л Not found in English; Welsh llwyd (but voiced)
    ɬʰ лх[e] Not found in English; Welsh llwyd (remaining voiceless)
    m м mother
    n н north
    ŋ link, sing
    p б spend
    pʰ п[f] pen
    r р Scottish roll; Spanish rosa
    s с seven
    ʃ ш shirt
    щ[a]
    t д stand
    tʰ т tan
    t͡s з cats
    t͡sʰ ц let's have
    t͡ʃ ж exchange
    t͡ʃʰ ч change
    w в win
    x х Scottish loch; German Bach
    ъ[f] unpronounced[g]
    Vowels
    IPA Cyrillic English approximation
    Monophthongs
    a а between fat and father (short)
    aː аа between fat and father (long)
    e э bet (short)
    eː ээ fairy (long)
    i и[h] leaf (short)
    iː ий,[i] ы[j] leaf (long)
    ɔ о off (short)
    ɔː оо off (long)
    ɵ ө Southern England put; somewhat like nurse in other dialects
    oː өө story
    u ү cool (short)
    uː үү cool (long)
    ʊ у pull (short)
    ʊː уу pull (long)
    iotated vowels
    ja я between yam and yahoo
    jɵ е yurt
    jɔ ё yonder
    ju ю[k] yule
    jʊ yuck, with a vowel like look
    diphthongs
    ai ай[l] price
    ei эй[m] flame
    ɔi ой[l] choice
    ui үй[l] booyah; Gruyère
    ʊi уй[l] roughly like weary or Uyghur

    Notes

    1. ^ a b c Used only in loanwords.
    2. ^ [g] and [ɢ] are contrastive in the Ulaanbaatar dialect, but are allophones of the single phoneme /g/ in other dialects.
    3. ^ Always follows another consonant, and usually modifies the sound with iotation (unless used before е, in which case it is unpronounced).
    4. ^ Occasionally used before е to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is iotated).
    5. ^ Uncommon, and only found in loanwords of Tibetan origin, but occurs in some high-frequency words such as лхагва 'Wednesday'.
    6. ^ a b Uncommon, but more often found in loanwords.
    7. ^ Used before я and ё to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is iotated).
    8. ^ In addition to the vowel sound, и also palatalizes any consonant immediately before it.
    9. ^ Resembles a diphthong, but is phonetically and phonemically a long monophthong. ии is not used.
    10. ^ The only long vowel represented by a single letter. Although pronounced with the same vowel sound as ий, it does not palatalize the preceding consonant. Other than loanwords, it is only found in inflectional suffixes.
    11. ^ Generally, /ju/ in words containing э, ө, ү, е; /jʊ/ in words containing а, о, у, я, ё. (See Mongolian vowel harmony.)
    12. ^ a b c d The diphthongs /ai̯, ɔi̯, ʊi̯, ui̯/ are pronounced closer to [ɛe̯, ɞe̯, ɵe̯, ʉe̯] in Khalkha Mongolian.[1]
    13. ^ Also used where өй would occur, as it is not used.

    References

    1. ^ Svantesson et al. (2005): 22

    See also

    Credit: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mongolian

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